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Nokia

Nokia Corporation NYSE: NOK is one of the world's largest telecommunications equipment manufacturers. With headquarters in Keilaniemi of Espoo, Finland, this Finnish telecommunications company is best known today for its leading range of mobile phones. Nokia also produces mobile phone infrastructure and other telecommunications equipment for applications such as traditional voice telephony, ISDN, broadband access, professional mobile radio, voice over IP, wireless LAN, a line of digital terrestrial television receivers and satellite receivers. Nokia provides mobile communication equipment for every major market and protocol, including GSM, CDMA, and WCDMA (UMTS).

History

Nokia was established in 1865 as a wood-pulp mill by Finland-Swede Knut Fredrik Idestam on the banks of Nokia rapids. Finnish Rubber Works established its factories in the beginning of 20th century nearby and began using Nokia as its brand. Shortly after World War I Finnish Rubber Works acquired Nokia wood mills as well as Finnish Cable Works, a producer of telephone and telegraph cables. All three companies were merged as Nokia Corporation in 1967. The name Nokia originated from the river which flowed through the town of the same name (Nokia). The town and river are named after a small black marsupial found in the region which was nicknamed Nokia.

In the 1970s Nokia became more involved in the telecommunications industry by developing the Nokia DX 200, a digital switch for telephone exchanges. In the 1980s, Nokia offered a series of personal computers called MikroMikko , however, these operations were sold to International Computers, Ltd. (ICL), which later became part of Fujitsu; the personal computer operation was handed over to Fujitsu-Siemens AG. Nokia also began developing mobile phones for the NMT network; unfortunately, the company ran into serious financial problems in the 1990s and streamlined its manufacturing of mobile phones, mobile phone infrastructure, and other telecommunications areas, divesting itself of other items, such as televisions and personal computers.

In 2004, Nokia resorted to similar streamlining practices with layoffs and organizational restructuring, although on a significantly smaller scale. This, however, diminished Nokia's public image in Finland, and produced a number of court cases along with, at least, one television show critical of Nokia. Recently, Nokia joined other mobile phone manufacturers to embrace Taiwanese Original Design Manufacturers. Nokia signed a contract with BenQ, a Taiwanese Original Design Manufacturer, to develop three high-end mobile phones, which are scheduled to retail by the end of 2005. Nokia has been engaged in a series of legal actions dealing with intellectual property issues.

Mobiles from Nokia